This web page offers information aimed at applicants, students and supervisors of the doctoral study programme Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology, relevant for all four faculties the programme is co-accredited at. This information concerns:

Characterization of the Programme, the Postgraduate Profile and Career Options

The purpose of the programme is to provide its students with advanced theoretical and practical knowledge in various areas of molecular and cellular biology, genetics and virology, as well as to familiarize them with modern methodical and technical approaches utilized in these scientific fields and with the possibilities of such approaches for problem-solving in current biological and biomedical science (including interdisciplinary research). The main scope of the programme can be characterized as the study of biological processes at molecular and cellular level, particularly the study of complex interactions among cells and their environment and among macromolecules with the biological information role (DNA, RNA, proteins), using the state-of-the-art approaches and techniques of molecular biology and bioinformatics.

The postgraduate should display deep theoretical knowledge in molecular and cellular biology, genetics and virology (with focus on some specific branch of these scientific fields that was the object of his/her Ph.D. thesis), as well as show the ability to practically utilize various relevant methods and techniques. A regular folowing of the latest scientific findings and methods related to the research in the above-mentioned fields of study is a necessity. The knowledge of molecular and cellular biology acquired during the doctoral study should allow an easy orientation in various related scientific disciplines as well. The postgraduate should be able to utilize this knowledge for the planning and interpretation of results of biological and biomedical experiments: to independently formulate complex research problems and propose their optimum solutions, to recognize and assess both strong and weak points of various methodical approaches and techniques, to correctly evaluate and interpret obtained data. Another ability lies in recognizing and performing a suitable and comprehensive form of presentation of the results of scientific experiments to both professional and non-professional public at national/international levels. Scientific independence, objectivity and critical thinking are necessary qualities that the postgraduate utilizes for writing and reviewing scientific publications and project proposals. He/she is fully competent to be a member of international and interdisciplinary scientific teams and to cooperate with other researchers.

Scientific fields of molecular and cellular biology, genetics and virology are currently the most exploited and at the same time the most rapidly advancing areas of biology and biomedicine, which results in an extensive public demand for their graduates and postgraduates. These are sought after not only within the academic domain but especially for the development of new biotechnologies (food and pharmaceutic industry, agriculture), in molecular medicine, forensic laboratories and other departments of both public and private sectors. The postgraduates of the Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology programme should be able to find an employment as a researchers/lecturers at universities and various scientific institutions engaged in basic and applied research or at biotechnology centers. As regards the non-academic domain, they can work in specialized clinical, diagnostic or forensic laboratories, environmental conservation, food and pharmaceutic industry or plant/animal breeding companies.

Institutions Guaranteeing and Supervising the Programme

The programme is co-accredited at four faculties of the Charles University (the Faculty of Science, the First Faculty of Medicine, the Second Faculty of Medicine, the Third Faculty of Medicine) and eight research institutes of the Czech Academy of Sciences (the Institute of Molecular Genetics, the Institute of Microbiology, the Institute of Biotechnology, the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, the Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Institute of Physiology, the Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics and the Institute of Experimental Botany).

Besides the above-mentioned faculties and institutes, other supervisors of our students work also at various other institutions that carry out research in biomedicine, molecular biology and genetics, e.g., the Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, the Institute of Endocrinology, the Institute of Revmatology, the National Institute of Public Health, the Institute of Animal Science, etc.

More detailed information on the laboratories of main supervisors of our students can be found here. The currently open Ph.D. and/or postdoc positions and the offerred topics of doctoral projects can be found on the same web page (unfortunately, some are only in Czech language). However, if the applicant is interested in some scientific subject researched in the respective laboratory, it is possible (and recommended) to contact the head of the laboratory even in case there is no currently advertised open position – it is often possible to come to some agreement.

Requirements for Supervisors

The supervisor is responsible for the research supervision of the student. He/she should teach the student how to publicly present the results of his/her research to the scientific community and to convey his/her scientific skills and knowledge to other students, as well as how to make international contacts with other scientists and how to acquire financial means to fund his projects. The duty of the supervisor is also to recommend literature sources relevant for the doctoral project and (together with the supervising institution/faculty) to provide the student with the necessary operational and technological support. The supervisor is required to monitor the fulfillment of the student’s duties, to regularly discuss with the student the obtained results of doctoral project and to facilitate and supervise the necessary publication activity of the student as set by the Study Area Board. He/she must, together with the student, prepare and submit the Individual Curriculum / Study Plan, to regularly (at least once a year) oficially assess the student´s work and to submit this assessment in the Study Information System to the Subject Area Board (see Article Four, Consolidated Rector's Directive No. 19/2018 as amended by Rector's Directive No. 5/2020).

The supervisor of a doctoral student can be a member of the academic staff of the Charles University or another scientist whose area of research lies in the main scientific fields of our programme. He/she must guarantee high quality of the doctoral project and the proper supervision of the doctoral student (this means that he/she should have enough time to do this). The supervisor is appointed and removed by the dean of the respective faculty upon the proposal of the Subject Area Board. In case the potential supervisor does not hold an academic degree of either Associate Professor or Full Professor, he/she must be first approved by the Subject Area Board of the programme and by the Scientific Council of the respective faculty (according to the current rules, this approval must be done separately for each doctoral study programme and each faculty, i.e., even in case the person of the future supervisor is already approved for some doctoral study programme at the respective faculty and now applies for a supervising role in another study programme at the same faculty, or is already approved at one co-accredited faculty of some doctoral study programme and now applies for a supervising role at another faculty of the same programme, it is always necessary to apply anew!). For this approval, it is necessary to furnish following documents:

1) the curriculum vitae (besides standard entries, it is recommended to supply an information on the experience with supervising B.Sc., M.Sc. and/or Ph.D. students in any study programme at any university)

2) the list of publications

2) the annotation(s) of project(s) which the potential supervisor wants to offer to our postgraduate students (one or more, it is also recommended to also supply an information on the financial backing of the respective project(s))

A letter explaining the motivation can be added as an optional supplement (i.e., why the respective person wants to supervise students particularly in our doctoral study programme).

In case of the Faculty of Science, it is sufficient to send these documents by e-mail to the Head of the Subject Area Board. The Faculties of Medicine may require other additional supplements (besides the above stated requirements set by our Study Area Board) and have specific directives for supervisor applications including whether the electronic application is sufficient or whether a written and signed form is necessary. In these cases, the applications have to be sent not directly to the Head of the Subject Area Board, but to the respective administrative department that supervises the organization of the doctoral studies. See the web pages of the First or Second Faculties of Medicine for more information or contact the relevant employes of these departments (the First or Second Faculties of Medicine). (the Third Faculty of Medicine has web pages on this topic in Czech only). Note: the approval procedure can be rather lengthy and depends on the frequency of meetings of the Study Area Board and the respective Scientific Councils. Only after the approval procedure is successfully finished, the supervisor is oficially appointed by the dean of the respective faculty and gets a Letter of Appointment (this is administered by the personnel at the department that deals with the doctoral study at the respective faculty).

Regarding potential co-supervisors (also called advisors), the situation is similar. The advisor should be a specialist in some area that the facilities of the supervisor and/or his/her laboratory cannot sufficiently guarantee on theoretical or technological level; generally, it should not be a person from the same laboratory as the supervisor (see Article 5 of the Rector´s Directive 19/2018). The appointment of the advisor to the respective student should be always suggested by the supervisor and the requirements for these applications are similar to those stated above for the supervisor (with the exception that no annotation of the project is necessary; on the other hand, it should be stated which student the respective person should be advisor of and why)

In case the supervisor does not correctly fulfill his/her duties (i.e,, there are truly big problems with his/her supervision of the student) the doctoral student should firstly contact the Guarantor of the Programme (and at the same time, the respective Faculty Co-ordinator, see below), who decides on the best approach and further solution of the dispute (depending on the respective situation/problem).

The Guarantor of the Programme, the Subject Area Board and the Faculty Co-ordinators

The Guarantor of the Study Programme and the Head of the Subject Area Board: Dana Holá, Ph.D., Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Science, Charles University

The Subject Area Board: the current composition of the Subject Area Board can be found here. The Subject Area Board of the doctoral study programme Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology is a part of the Coordination Board of Doctoral Study Programmes in Natural Sciences an also a part of the Coordination Group of the Doctoral Study Programmes in Biology and Medicine.

The Co-ordinators of the Study Programme at the Respective Faculties:

The Admission Procedure

Prior to submitting the formal application for the study, the applicants are strongly recommended to contact some potential supervisor from one of our faculties or other co-operating institutions (see above) and to come to a preliminary agreement regarding the possibility of work on some doctoral project in the respective laboratory. Such potential supervisor is then more than welcome (even required by our Faculties of Medicine) to be present at the official admission interview. It is also required to submit as a supplement to the application form (and other necessary requirements) a short but sufficiently cogent annotation of the proposed doctoral research project (including its preliminary title, name/surname of the supervisor and his/her place of work, a description of the project topic and its potential  contributions to the respective scientific field). Be aware of the fact that the doctoral project must have a research character, i.e., it must pursuit some scientific problem, the solution of which will contribute to the advancement of the respective research field (it is not acceptable to base the doctoral project only on an introduction of new methods/technologies into the respective laboratory or on the mere characterization of some sample collection without any further scientific idea and purpose!).

The official admission interviews take place once (in case of the Faculty of Science, twice) a year. The deadline for applications is usually at the end of April (in case of the second admission procedure at the Faculty of Science during December) and the admission interviews then take place usually at the end of June (in case of the second admission procedure at the Faculty of Science in January). The details of the admission procedure can slightly change between years; the current admission conditions and other information on the admission procedure can be always found at the web pages of the Charles University and the respective faculties (the Faculty of Science, the First, Second or Third (currently in Czech only) Faculties of Medicine).

Applicants for the doctoral study at the Faculty of Science can also apply for the STARS programme scholarship which is aimed to attract the excellent students. Usually, at least one position relevant for the future students of our doctoral study programme is opened each year. STARS students get an additional financial supplement to their regular doctoral bursary each month.

The admission interview is in oral form. After the necessary formalities (the confirmation of the identity of the applicant and the confirmation that his/her current health enables the further continuation of the interview), the applicant must briefly (5 min at maximum!) talk in English about his/her proposed doctoral project or at least present a general idea which scientific field he/she would want to be engaged in during the doctoral study. It is also possible to briefly mention the topic and purpose of the M.Sc. thesis or other scientific experience (mostly in cases where the applicant does not yet have any idea on the future doctoral project). However, this talk must be without notes, i.e. without any prepared ppt/pdf/other presentation! The questions of the members of the admission committee will  follow this talk and will be also in English (the answers must be in English as well). The general knowledge of the four core subjects of our doctoral study programme, i.e., molecular biology, cell biology, genetics, virology, can be also examined and the applicant´s ability to think up answers and to come with ideas how, e.g., some scientific problem could be studied, what difficulties could various proposed solutions meet with, etc., is always more important than a detailed textbook answers without true understanding.

Some of our co-operating institutions (mostly the research institutes of the Czech Academy of Sciences) also hold their own preliminary round of interviews (usually in January or February) – the respective information on this can be found on their web pages.

The successful applicants will be informed about their acceptance into the programme officially either by a letter or by e-mail by the administrative personnel dealing with the doctoral study at the respective faculty of the Charles University. Prior to start of the academic year their study begins in (usually by the end of September, in case of the second admission procedure at the Faculty of Science in February), the students have to oficially enroll/register in the study programme. Information about this enrollment/registration (its time and place, the necessary documents that have to be submitted, etc.) can be found at the web pages of the respective faculties (the Faculty of Science, the First, Second or Third Faculties of Medicine) or it is possible to contact the respective administrative personnel for further details (see the end of this page).

Doctoral Bursaries and Scholarships

All doctoral students enrolled in a full-time version (not in the combined version!) of the doctoral programme are awarded a monthly doctoral bursary during the standard length of the study (i.e., four years). This bursary is not awarded to the students that were previously enrolled in a Ph.D. programme at some Czech public higher education institution and their previous study was not successfully concluded (see Scholarship and Bursary Rules of the Charles University). Students also do not get this bursary during the official period(s) of interruption of their study. The specific amount of the bursary is determined by the dean of the respective faculty (see the respective Dean´s Provisions/Measures: the Faculty of Science (currently in Czech only); the First, Second or Third (currently in Czech only) Faculties of Medicine). After successfull passing of the state doctoral examination by the student, the doctoral bursary is usually increased. However, it is also possible for the dean of the faculty to reduce the bursary based on the evaluation of the student by the Subject Area Board (mostly in cases where the student significantly fails to fulfill the individual curriculum / study plan).

Doctoral students can be also awarded other scholarships/bursaries in accordance with the Scholarship and Bursary Rules of the Charles University and the rules of the respective faculties (e.g., Bursary to Support Study in the Czech Republic, Accomodation Bursary, Bursaries in Cases Worthy a Special Consideration, Scholarships for Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) Activities of for Outstanding RDI activities, etc.). The Faculty of Science also offers its excellent Ph.D. students an opportunity to take a part of the STARS programme. They can be also nominated for various awards. More detailed information on this aspect of the doctoral study can be found at the web pages of the individual faculties (the Faculty of Science, the First, Second or Third Faculties of Medicine) or will be provided by the respective administrative personnel dealing with doctoral students (see below for the contact information). Doctoral students can be also employed by their supervising institution in accordance with the current employment legislation; however, this possibility always depends on the decision of the respective institution their supervisor is employed by and is not in any way guaranteed! (please, contact your potential supervisor regarding this possibility if you want to know more).

Study Duties and the Individual Curriculum / Study Plan

Preparation and Regular Assessment of the Fulfillment of the Individual Curriculum

The Individual Curriculum / Study Plan (ISP) has to be prepared and carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Subject Area Board (see below). Regarding the technical side of its preparation and yearly filling out, a detailed instructions can be found at the web pages of the Study Department of the Faculty of Science (these instructions can be mostly followed by the students of the Faculties of Medicine as well; however they should be adjusted to the respective demands of these faculties; other instructions can be found, e.g., at the web pages of the Second Faculty of Medicine for students registered there).

The recommendations of the Head of the Subject Area Board regarding the factual side of the Individual Curriculum / Study Plan can be found here:

• Preparation of the Individual Curriculum / Study Plan
• Yearly Assessment of the Individual Curriculum / Study Plan

Study Duties

Due to an extremely wide scope of research topics covered by the study programme, the Subject Area Board does not set a list of specific lectures/courses that are strictly required. However, our doctoral students must complete at least one scientific lecture/course related to the topic of their doctoral thesis and selected from the lists of subjects taught by the Faculty of Science, First, Second or Third Faculties of Medicine, Charles University (including the lectures/courses organized by the co-operating institutions, e.g., the Czech Academy of Sciences). It is, of course, possible to complete more than one lecture/course. The selection of the respective lecture(s)/course(s) depends on the scientific/technical needs of the doctoral student and is made by him/her together with his/her supervisor. However, a lecture/course with some truly scientific subject must be chosen and successfully completed (so called soft skills lectures/courses cannot be accepted as the required study duty, although they can be also included in the ISP and completed if it is a wish of the student or a requirement of the faculty he/she is registered in).

The list of lectures/courses that could be useful and interesting for the doctoral students of the Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology programme (mostly the ones that our students often enlist in or the ones that offer interesting possibilities to learn various modern methods and techniques of molecular and cellular biology) can be found here. The Subject Area Board particularly recommends the set of lectures Advances in Molecular Biology and Genetics (the SIS code MPGS0034, for the students registered at the First Faculty of Medicine the code is B90041) that is organized yearly by the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences. However, the mentioned list offers only suggestions and is constantly changing. Moreover, any doctoral student can choose any lecture/course from the university Study Information System (SIS) that he/she thinks will be useful for him/her during the doctoral study. Additional courses that are currently open can be also found at the web pages of the Doctoral Study Programmes in Biology and Medicine, or at the Doctoral Study Hub of the Charles University.

Besides the above-stated requirement for the completion of at least one scientific lecture/course, some further study duties can be stipulated by the internal rules of the respective faculty the student is registered in. In case it is explicitely stated in these rules, the successful completion of such study duties can be an additional condition necessary to be included in the ISP (e.g., the English language certificate at a certain level, which is required for the students of the First Faculty of Medicine. The students of this faculty are also required to pass not only one, but two courses - one must be listed in the 1st year curriculum, the second one in the 2nd year curriculum at the latest - see The Dean´s Rule 17/22. The students of the Third Faculty of Medicine also must choose either the English language examination, the writing and submitting some review paper or the participation in a specific course as defined by the Dean´s Directive 2018/06; two of these duties must be completed during the first year of the doctoral study. Please contact the respective faculty co-ordinator or administrative personnel for further information on this).

Participation in Conferences

The Subject Area Board strongly recommends an active participation (i.e., the student should present his/her own lecture or poster) of doctoral students in national and particularly international conferences; this will enable them to acquire necessary and useful experience for their further scientific work. Our students should also participate in various types of regular conferences for doctoral students organized by their respective faculty / supervising institution; participation in this type of conference can even be an obligatory component of the ISP in case it is explicitely stated in the internal rules of the respective faculty the student is registered in (strictly required for the students of the First and Second Faculties of Medicine, whereas the students of the Third Faculty of Medicine must participate only if they directly include this conference in their ISP. As regards the Faculty of Science, it can be required for students who work on their doctoral projects at some institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences or other institution that regularly organizes such conferences).

Participation in Preparation of Grant Proposals

The active involvement of students in preparation of grant proposals of the supervising laboratory is also recommended by the Subject Area Board. The students should particularly endeavour to prepare and submit their own grant application to the Charles University Grant Agency (GA UK) in the yearly competition for grant allocation.

Participation in International Cooperation

Doctoral students are strongly recommended to complete a research internship abroad during their study (total length at least 1 month). The decision on the inclusion of such internship in the ISP rests mainly with the supervisor and its realization depends on the options and resources of the supervising laboratory. In case such internship is not possible, the doctoral students must participate in international scientific cooperation by some other way in compliance with the Standards of the Study Programmes of Charles University (Rector’s Directive No. 13/2019 as amended by Rector’s Directive No. 22/2022).

Information on various opportunities for international mobility and its financing, the open positions for short-term or long-term internships abroad, etc., can be found at the Doctoral Study Hub of the Charles University or the web pages of the individual faculties (the Faculty of Science,  the First, Second and Third Faculties of Medicine). For further information, please contact the administrative personnel at the appropriate departments of the respective faculties.

Creative Work and the Publication Activity

The core of the doctoral study lies in the original, high-quality research independently carried out by the doctoral student. This research must result in at least two original scientific publications relevant to the topic of the doctoral thesis and published during the course of the doctoral study. At least one of these publications must be a research paper of an “original research article” type and the doctoral student must be its first author and must significantly participate in its creation. The two required papers must be published in peer-reviewed journals indexed in reputable databases acknowledged by the general scientific community (Web of Science, journals with the impact factor, IF). In exceptional and justified cases (e.g., if the student is the first author of an exceptionally high-quality publication), the Subject Area Board can permit change of the publication requirements (e.g., one such paper would be sufficient instead of two usually required). If the paper is not yet published/assigned DOI, the students must present a record of confirmation of its acceptance by the respective scientific journal, otherwise such publication cannot be counted among the required number. The shared first-authorship can be accepted as the first-authorship only after the agreement of the respective faculty co-ordinator. In case the second required publication is another type than an “original research article”, its acceptance as a required publication output should be also in advance consulted with the respective faculty co-ordinator. Videopublications are not accepted (if they are not accompanied by a full-value scientific text).

Further publication requirements (in accordance with the Individual Curriculum / Study Plan) can be stipulated by the internal rules of the respective faculty the student is registered in (e.g., in case of the Third Faculty of Medicine, see above).

The necessary information on the correct wording and the rules for the use of the official institutional affiliation(s) can be find in the Appendix 1 to the Constitution of Charles University (Article 5) or in the Appendix to the Rector´s Directive 40/2021. It is also always necessary to abide by the rules of the respective faculty in this respect. The students must always include the respective university/faculty affiliation in any publication that was financially supported by the Charles University Grant Agency or other university agencies that support research (otherwise such publication would not be accepted at the end of the respective project as the fulfillment of grant conditions). All publications (with the exception of conference abstracts) with the university/faculty affiliation must be also registered in the university database OBD / IS Věda (see the Rector´s Directive 40/2021, Article 11). Further information on these aspects of the publication activity can be given by the Head of the Subject Area Board.

All doctoral students should also set up their Personal Identifiers for Researchers, i.e., 1) ORCID/Publons ID, 2) Researcher ID for Web of Science and 3) Scopus ID (see the Rector´s Directive 40/2021, Article 5).

The State Doctoral Examination (SDE) and the Defence of the Doctoral Thesis

State doctoral examinations and thesis defences are not organized individually but three times a year within regular 14-d periods (usually at the beginning of February, the end of June and during September). The exact dates for these periods, as well as the intervals when it is possible to apply for the SDE/thesis defence, are always set by the Head of the Subject Area Board and the respective faculty co-ordinators at the beginning of a new academic year and will be officially published here;  the relevant administrative personnel is also always in advance informed about these dates (the dates for the following academic year will be published here always during September of the preceding academic year).

The set periods for the state doctoral examinations and thesis defences – academic year 2023/2024

The State Doctoral Examination

Our doctoral students must apply for the SDE during the third year of their study at the latest. In case their first attempt to pass this examinaton is not successful, the second attempt must be made during the academic year following the first SDE attempt at the latest. The application for the SDE must be submitted as a printed, filled and signed form (together with other documents as required) directly to the respective administrative department dealing with the doctoral study, i.e., NOT electronically! (the links to the web pages with the application forms and the instructions regarding the other documents that must be submitted at the same time as the application form can be found below). The students of the First Faculty of Medicine have to not only apply for SDE during their third year, but also succesfully pass this examination during the third year - see opatření děkana 1.LF 16/2022 (sorry, it is only in Czech).

The SDE consists of an oral examination focused on the student´s knowledge on two subjects which are personalized in accordance with the respective topic of the doctoral thesis. During the SDE, doctoral students must display advanced and detailed knowledge on the current state of scientific topics directly related to their area of specialisation (this is the first and the most important subject for the SDE), including knowledge on various methodical approaches related to their research (their principles, various advantages and disadvantages) and topics reaching into associated research areas. Doctoral students should also have a good general theoretical background in molecular biology, cellular biology, genetics or virology (students must choose one of these four scientific fields as their second SDE subject), again with the emphasis on the current state of knowledge. It is expected that doctoral students will demonstrate their ability to comprehend the essence of any scientific problem, to place it within a broader context and particularly to propose their own creative solutions.

More detailed information on the SDE procedure and relevant requirements for the doctoral students associated with this examination and the application for it can be found here.

The Doctoral Thesis and Its Defence

The doctoral thesis is a culmination and the main result of the whole doctoral study. It must be an original work of the doctoral student. It should provide sufficient information necessary for the assessment whether the student is qualified for an independent research work in his/her respective scientific field. The doctoral student should be able to comprehensively describe and adequately cover the topic of the doctoral thesis, as well as to independently formulate opinions and questions based on the results of his/her doctoral project.

Prior to the submission of the doctoral thesis for its defence, all study duties stated in the Individual Study Curriculum must be successfully completed and the same applies for the SDE. In addition to this, the doctoral student must be a first author/co-author of at least two original scientific publications relevant to the topic of the doctoral thesis and published during the course of the doctoral study in IF journals (see Creative Work and Publication Activity Requirements). The list of publications the doctoral thesis is based on must be sent by email to the respective faculty co-ordinator in order for him/her to check whether the publication requirements were fulfilled (the fulfillment of the other requirements is checked by the respective administrative department supervising the doctoral studies).

The application for the defence of the doctoral thesis must be (similarly to the application for the SDE) submitted as a printed, filled and signed form (together with other documents as required) directly to the respective administrative department dealing with the doctoral study, i.e., NOT electronically! (the links to the web pages with the application forms and the instructions regarding the other documents that must be submitted at the same time as the application form can be found below).

More detailed information on the allowed form of the doctoral thesis and the procedure of its defence can be found here.

Prior to the defence, the quality and originality of the thesis (as well as its various formal aspects) is assessed independently by two reviewers (in some cases, e.g., in the co-tutelle form of the study or in case the first defence of the thesis failed and is repeated, there can be more reviewers). No person that is a co-author of any publication the doctoral thesis is based on can fulfill the role of the reviewer of the respective thesis.

If the first attempt at the thesis defence fails, the Committee for the Defence of Doctoral Thesis determines whether it is possible to re-write or in some way supplement the thesis and specifically states what is necessary to do before the second attempt. This second attempt at the defence of the doctoral thesis cannot be realized before at least six months passed after the first attempt.

Doctoral theses of past students of the Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology programme, that were (recently) defended, can be found in the Charles University Digital Repository.

Links to Web Pages of the Respective Faculties Relevant to the Doctoral Study