The Volume will be available at the 35th IAH Congress in Lisboa, Portugal, in September 2007.

The IAH Selected Paper Volume comprises 44 papers by authors from 22 countries of all continents investigating the very important modern issues that focus on the hydrogeology of fractured environments. These include sustainable groundwater development, groundwater protection and management, new and improved approaches to the investigating hydrogeology of fractured systems, understanding of hydrogeologic properties both on local and regional scales, and both quantitative and qualitative aspects of groundwater flow and solute/contaminant transport. The papers are grouped into 6 sections under the following main topics: (1) Hydrogeologic environment of fractured rocks; (2) Conceptual models, groundwater flow, and resources in fractured rocks; (3) Groundwater quality in fractured rocks; (4) Investigation and interpretation methods in fractured environment; (5) Anthropogenic impacts on fractured environment; and (6) Numerical modelling of fractured environment.

This compendium is the representative monograph discussing key issues, methodologies, and techniques in the field of hydrogeology of fractured (hard) rocks; it summarizes the results achieved in recent years as well as stimulating ideas and considerations on future investigations needed to advance our understanding of these vital natural systems that occur on every continent. It is a valuable benchmark reference for studies in fractured rock hydrogeology worldwide that will be of value to practising hydrogeologists and environmental scientists as well as planners and environmental managers. The selected papers, first presented at the Groundwater in Fractured Rocks International Conference, Prague, 2003 and published in Proceedings as extended abstracts (Krásný, Hrkal and Bruthans, eds. 2003), had been updated and extended for this Volume.

Table of contents

Preface by editors Jiri KRÁSNÝ and John SHARP

• KRÁSNÝ Jiří and SHARP John: Hydrogeology of fractured rocks from particular fractures to regional approaches: State-of-the-art and future challenges

Section 1. Hydrogeologic environment of fractured rocks

• BARROCU Giovanni: Hydrogeology of granite rocks in Sardinia

• BOCANEGRA Emilia and CARDOSO DA SILVA JR Gerson: Groundwater exploitation of fractured rocks in South America.

• BRITO NEVES de Benjamim Bley and ALBUQUERQUE José do Patrocinio Thomaz: Groundwater and tectonics – the diversity of hydrogeologic environments in semiarid Northeast of Brazil

• CHAMBEL António, DUQUE Jorge and NASCIMENTO João: Regional study of hard rocks in Alentejo, South Portugal: methodology and results

• CUSTODIO Emilio: Groundwater in volcanic hard rocks

• DARKO Philip K and KRÁSNÝ Jiří: Regional transmissivity distribution and groundwater potential in hard rock of Ghana

• FAILLACE Costantino: Hydrogeology of hard rocks in some eastern and western African countries

• STOURNARAS George, MIGIROS George, STAMATIS George, EVELPIDOU Niki-Nikoletta, BOTSIALAS Konstantinos, ANTONIOU Barbara and VASSILAKIS Emmanuel: The fractured rocks in Hellas

• WATKINS David C: Determining a representative hydraulic conductivity of the Carnmenellis Granite of Cornwall, UK, based on a range of sources of information

• WINKLER Gerfried, KUPFERSBERGER Hans and STROBL Elmar: Estimating the change of fracture volume with depth at the Koralm Massif, Austria

Section 2. Conceptual models, groundwater flow and resources in fractured rocks

• ALLEN Alistair and MILENIC Dejan: Fractured Old Red Sandstone Aquifers of the Cork Harbour region: Groundwater barriers between adjacent karstic systems

• BRIGHENTI Giovanni and MACINI Paolo: Non-Darcy two-phase flow in fractured rocks

• CONRAD Julian and ADAMS Shafick: GIS based assessment of groundwater recharge in the fractured rocks of Namaqualand, South Africa

• ISSAR Arie S and Kotze Johanita C: The use of environmental isotopes to establish a hydrogeological conceptual model in a region with scarce data: the Table Mountain Group of South Africa as a case study

• Maréchal Jean-Christophe, Dewandel Benoît, Ahmed Shakeel and LACHASSAGNE Patrick: Hard rock aquifers characterization prior to modelling at catchment scale: an application to India

• MISSTEAR Bruce D R and FITZSIMONS Vincent P: Estimating groundwater recharge in fractured bedrock aquifers in Ireland using soil moisture budgeting and river baseflow analysis methods

Section 3. Groundwater quality in fractured rocks

• BATH Adrian: Interpreting the evolution and stability of groundwaters in fractured rocks

• FRENGSTAD Bjørn and BANKS David: Universal controls on the evolution of groundwater chemistry in shallow crystalline rock aquifers: the evidence from empirical and theoretical studies

• Gaut Sylvi, DAGESTAD Atle, Brattli Bjørge and Storrø Gaute: Factors influencing the microbiological quality of groundwater in Norwegian bedrock wells

• LOURENÇO Carla and RIBEIRO Luís: Evaluating mineral water quality trends of Pedras Salgadas (Portugal)

• MARQUES José M., Andrade Mário, Carreira Paula M, Graça Rui C and Aires-Barros Luís: Questions and answers about the evolution of CO2-rich thermomineral waters from Hercynian granitic rocks (N-Portugal): a review

• MORGAN Karina and Jankowski Jerzy: Origin of salinity in a fractured bedrock aquifer in the Central West Region of NSW, Australia

• PALCSU László, SVINGOR Éva, MOLNÁR Mihály, SZÁNTÓ Zsuzsanna, FUTÓ István, RINYU László, HORVÁTH István, TÓTH György and FÓRIZS István: Isotope studies of a groundwater-flow system in granite, Middle Hungary

• TRÖGER Uwe: Structure conditional thermal springs in Central Brazil

Section 4. Investigation and interpretation methods in fractured environment

• BRAUCHLER Ralf, SAUTER Martin, McDERMOTT Christopher I, LEVEN Carsten, WEEDE Matthias, DIETRICH Peter, LIEDL Rudolf, HÖTZL Heinz and TEUTSCH Georg: Characterization of fractured porous media: Aquifer Analogue Approach

• BUNKER James P G: Application of the oriented core drilling/sampling method to an environmental site investigation

• CARNEIRO Júlio F: Probabilistic delineation of groundwater protection zones in fractured- rock aquifers

• KOSKINEN Lasse and ROUHIAINEN Pekka: Interconnected flow measurement between boreholes using a borehole flowmeter

• LE BORGNE Tanguy, BOUR Olivier, DE DREUZY Jean Raynald and DAVY Philippe: Characterizing flow in natural fracture networks: comparison of the discrete and continuous descriptions

• LODS Gerard and GOUZE Philippe: New analysis of pump tests in fractured aquifers

• LOVE Andrew, SIMMONS Craig T, COOK Peter, HARRINGTON Glenn A, HERCZEG Andrew and HALIHAN Todd: Estimating groundwater flow rates in fractured metasediments: Clare Valley, South AustraliA

• MOECK Inga, DUSSEL Michael, TRÖGER Uwe and SCHANDELMEIER Heinz: Fracture networks in Jurassic carbonate rock of the Algarve Basin (South Portugal): implications for aquifer behaviour related to the recent stress field

Section 5. Anthropogenic impacts on fractured environment

• BETSON Mark and ROBINS Nick: Using specific capacity to assign vulnerability to diffuse pollution in fractured aquifers in Scotland

• LOEW Simon, LUETZENKIRCHEN Volker, OFTERDINGER Ulrich, ZANGERL Christian, EBERHARDT Erik and EVANS Keith: Environmental impacts of tunnels in fractured crystalline rocks of the Central Alps

• PAUL Michael, GENGNAGEL Manfred and ECKART Michael: Groundwater modelling approaches as planning tools for WISMUT’s remediation activities at the Ronneburg uranium mining site

• RUDOLPH-LUND Kim, MYRVOLL Frank, SKURTVEIT Elin and ENGENE Bjarne: Active groundwater monitoring and remediation during tunnelling through fractured bedrock under urban areas

Section 6. Numerical modelling of fractured environment

• Beyer Matthias and Mohrlok Ulf: A double continuum approach for determining contaminant transport in fractured porous media

• BLUM Philipp, MACKAY Rae and RILEY Michael S: Coupled hydro-mechanical modelling of flow in fractured rock

• FAHRENHOLZ Christine, BREWITZ Wernt, FEIN Eckhard and SCHÖNIGER Matthias: Hydrogeologic modelling with regard to site selection for an underground repository in a granite formation in Krasnojarsk, Russia

• FOURNO André, GRENIER Christophe, DELAY Frederick and BENABDERRAHMANE Hakim: Development and qualification of a smeared fracture modelling approach for transfers in fractured media

• GARNER Terence T, PHYU Thandar, ROBINSON Neville I and SHARP John M, Jr: Sensitivity of fracture skin properties on solute transport and back diffusion in fractured media

• MOURI Sassan and HALIHAN Todd: Averaging hydraulic conductivity in heterogeneous fractures and layered aquifers

• NOIRIEL Catherine, GOUZE Philippe and MADÉ Benoît: Time-resolved 3D characterisation of flow and dissolution patterns in a single rough-walled fracture

In preparation - to appear in the second half of 2007

Preliminary table of contents

• BENDER Steffen, RUBBERT Till & WOHNLICH Stefan: Investigation strategies in hard rock areas using small data sets

• CHAMBEL Antonio: New investigation lines in the hard rock aquifers of south Portugal

• CHUDY Krzysztof: Impact of old mining activities on surface water in Piekielnica and Jugowski Stream catchment (Nowa Ruda region)

• CZMIEL Jarosław, MARKIEWICZ Andrzej: Groundwater level in Grodziecka Syncline after 5 years of flooding the underground workings of the „Konrad” mine

• DIEPOLDER G.W.: Hydrogeological mapping in the Bavarian and Upper Palatinate Forest – State-of-the-art and preliminary results

• DOBRZYŃSKI Dariusz: Chemistry of groundwater in the fissured sedimentary aquifer (Carboniferous-Permian, the Intra-Sudetic basin, SW Poland): a result of individual flow systems

• GURWIN Jacek, LUBCZYŃSKI Maciek: The issues of applying groundwater flow modelling in fractured-rock aquifer with experience from the Sardon study area, Spain

• HRKAL Zbyněk, KOBR Miroslav, NEDVĚDOVÁ Emilie, TESAŘ Miroslav, VILHELM Zdeněk: Impact of global climate change on transmissivity of shallow hard-rock aquifers

• JÄÄSKELÄINEN, P., AHONEN, L. & JOKINEN, J.: Hydrogeological studies of fractured rock at Kopparnäs site, Finland

• KIEŁCZAWA Barbara, WIKTOROWICZ Beata: Application of WATEQ4F software for hydrogeochemical modelling of acidulous waters of the Bystrzyca and Orlica Mountains (SW Poland)

• KRÁSNÝ Jiří: Spatial distribution of hardrock permeability: consequences for groundwater flow and chemical composition

• KRYZA Halina, KRYZA Józef: Water resources of the Sudetes crystalline massif (SW Poland) in current concepts of water supply in mountainous areas

• KRYZA Halina, KRYZA Józef: Restoration of the initial hydrogeological conditons in the Grodziec copper mining basin (SW Poland) and its model

• LIBER Arkadiusz, LIBER Elżbieta: Modeling of medicinal waters in Sudety Mountains with the use of algebraic projection on orthogonal subspaces in Hilbert space

• MARQUES José M., CARREIRA Paula, ESPINHA MARQUES Jorge: A multitechnique approach to the dynamics of thermal waters ascribed to a granitic hard-rock environment (Serra da Estrela, Central Portugal)

• MARSZALEK Henryk: Water - bearing capacity and groundwater resources of hard rocks in Łomnica River catchment (Western Sudetes, SW Poland)

• NEVES O., ABREU M.: The impact of uranium contaminated water on Lactuca sativa L. grown in soils from Cunha Baixa Mine area (Portugal)

• OLICHWER Tomasz: Groundwater renewable resources of Kłodzko Region

• PRZYLIBSKI Tadeusz Andrzej, ADAMCZYK-LORENC Anna: Selected problems of radon groundwaters presence in the Polish part of the Sudety Mountains

• PRZYLIBSKI Tadeusz Andrzej: Radon as a natural radioactive tracer for studying a crystalline rocks aquifers – a few usage concepts

• RUBBERT Till K. & BENDER Steffen: Analysis of long-term spring observation data for characterisation of a near-surface weathered hardrock aquifer in the Bavarian Forest, Germany

• SEVERÝN O., MARYŠKA J., KRÁLOVCOVÁ J., HOKR M.: Numerical simulation of borehole tests in fractured rock at Potůčky site

• STAŚKO Stanisław: Groundwater resources and quality in Central and Eastern Sudetes

• STĘPIEŃ Marcin: Evolution of the groundwater chemical composition in Krzeszów trough

• STĘPIEŃ M., MODELSKA, M., BUCZYŃSKI S.: Factor analysis as an example of qualitative and quantitative method for modeling of hydrogeochemical processes

• VIVENTSOVA E.A., VORONOV A.N.: Groundwater of karstic formation in St.Petersburg region (Russia)

• WOJTKOWIAK Andrzej, ZAWISTOWSKI Karol: Groundwater study and protection of the Dzika Orlica catchment. Identification and project of further recognition

• ZUBER Andrzej: He-4 excess versus C-14 ages in thermal waters of Lądek and Cieplice Spas in comparison with other known systems